Bases neurocientíficas entre el sistema estomatognático y la posición de la cabeza en el adulto mayor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6858219Keywords:
cabeza adelantada, adulto mayor, sistema estomatognático, control motor, biotensegridad, posturaAbstract
Introducción: El sistema estomatognático es estudiado en el sistema tónico postural y se relaciona con la columna lumbar y otros segmentos del cuerpo. La cabeza adelantada es un factor clave para el feedback de autorregulación del movimiento. Los adultos mayores presentan un deterioro progresivo de su funcionalidad, en la cual la posición de la cabeza juega un rol importante.
Objetivo: Analizar las bases neurocientíficas entre el Sistema Estomatognático y la posición de la cabeza en el adulto mayor. Material y
Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica actualizada (agosto y setiembre de 2021) en Pubmed, ResearchGate y SciELO, con los términos «cabeza adelantada», «adultos mayores», «sistema estomatognático», «control motor», «biotensegridad» y «postura». Se incluyeron estudios publicados entre 2017 y 2021. De 1052 artículos iniciales no se tuvieron en cuenta 941.
Resultados: Se encontró literatura sobre las bases neurocientíficas del sistema estomatognático y la cabeza adelantada respecto a la postura, la biomecánica con otras estructuras, la relación propioceptiva y los principios de biotensegridad.
Conclusiones: Predominó evidencia sólida sobre alteración del sistema sensoriomotor, déficit de mineralización ósea, respuestas respiratorias (proceso gaseoso y mecánica), sistema vestibular y músculos masticatorios (masetero y digástrico). Los adultos mayores con dentaduras postizas fueron la población más afectada. Falta explicación concreta entre el sistema estomatognático y la cabeza; las bases neurológicas se influyen por estímulos externos y representan un vínculo propioceptivo importante.
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