Estrategias para la mejora de calidad en la sala de partos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6897506Keywords:
mejora de la calidad, sala de partos, recién nacidos, unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales, reanimación neonatalAbstract
Se estima que entre el 5% y el 10% de todos los partos recién nacidos requieren asistencia activa al nacer y el 1% de los partos requieren medidas intensivas de reanimación. La incidencia de medidas intensivas, como la reanimación cardiopulmonar, se correlaciona inversamente con la edad gestacional y se asocia independientemente con una mayor morbilidad y mortalidad. Además, en cada sala de partos, la seguridad tanto de la madre como del bebé es primordial y la gran cantidad de equipos y el personal requerido puede contribuir a un ambiente aparentemente caótico. Dada la naturaleza impredecible de la sala de partos, existe la necesidad de establecer prácticas estandarizadas y optimizar el flujo de trabajo entre las unidades de trabajo y parto para garantizar una atención eficaz de manera oportuna. La mejora de la calidad en la sala de partos requiere un enfoque multidisciplinario y una cuidadosa consideración de los aspectos únicos del entorno de la sala de partos. El personal calificado presente en el parto debe poseer las habilidades técnicas y de comportamiento para la reanimación, asegurando también que el equipamiento esté fácilmente disponible. La implementación de estas pautas y la capacitación del personal a menudo se llevan a cabo y mejoran mediante proyectos de mejora de la calidad institucional. La mejora de calidad de la sala de partos tiene como objetivo identificar y mejorar los procesos cuantificables para garantizar que los equipos estén preparados para todas las reanimaciones. En esta revisión, analizaremos qué hace que la sala de partos sea un entorno único para la mejora de la calidad, las diversas facetas de la mejora de la calidad de la sala de partos y ejemplos específicos sobre cómo abordar la mejora de la calidad de la sala de partos. Los asistentes de la sala de partos pueden refinar sus habilidades técnicas y de comportamiento a través de sesiones de simulación y utilizar esas habilidades para cumplir con los objetivos de mejora de calidad de la sala de partos. Los proyectos de mejora de calidad pueden mejorarse aún más mediante la participación en proyectos de colaboración con otras unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales para promover una cultura de intercambio y mejora de la información. Las mejoras en áreas discretas del manejo del recién nacido en la sala de partos tienen el potencial de impactar los desenlaces neonatales.
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