Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in a private medical center
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21782587Keywords:
gestational diabetes, prevalence, pregnancy, glucose tolerance test, screening, ParaguayAbstract
Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is hyperglycemia first diagnosed during pregnancy, with a strong impact on maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality when it is not detected and treated in a timely manner. In Paraguay, available information on its prevalence in private care centers is limited. Objective: To determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes in a private medical center in the city of Asunción between January and August 2023. Materials and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study based on review of laboratory records from a private medical center in Asunción. A total of 216 pregnant women with available oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results were included, out of 344 records reviewed. Maternal age and postprandial glucose values were analyzed, classified according to the center's own reference values and, comparatively, according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnostic criteria. Results: According to the center's reference values, a GDM prevalence of 1% was identified, with an additional 9% of altered glucose values. When ADA diagnostic criteria were applied to the same data, GDM prevalence rose to 7%, with 3% altered values. Mean maternal age was 30.5 years (median 31; mode 29), with predominance of the 29–32-year group (30.56%). Conclusions: The GDM prevalence identified in this private medical center was low according to the institution's own reference values, but increased substantially when ADA diagnostic criteria were applied. This discrepancy highlights the need to align reference values used in health centers nationwide with international diagnostic standards to avoid underdiagnosis of the disease.
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